Audrey Margaret Arner
It has been hypothesized that human body size sexual dimorphism was reduced via positive selection following the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture. Here we apply a genome wide association study (GWAS) approach to study the recent evolutionary history of sexual dimorphism in human body size phenotypes. We observed evidence of recent positive selection, specifically on alleles associated with less sexual dimorphism. These results demonstrate the value of GWAS approaches for testing anthropological hypotheses.