The project goal is to determine how modifications, specifically methylation, affect G-Quadruplex (GQS) formation. GQS are formed when four guanines interact on both the Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen faces through hydrogen bonding. It is hypothesized that natural RNA modification affect GQS formations, either enhancing or diminishing them. These modifications are catalyzed by different enzymes that are non-essential in bacteria. By knocking out these genes, modification no longer occurs and downstream effects can be studied.