Luc Schrauf
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a well-established technique used to study and characterize the topographic and electronic properties of material surfaces with atomic resolution. We outline a research project aimed at restoring and improving the performance of a custom built low-temperature STM. Along with diagnosing and troubleshooting various system components, this restoration involved the building of an in-situ transimpedance amplifier to boost system signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We conducted a survey to identify a commercially available op-amp candidate that was high vacuum compatible, low-temperature compatible, had sufficiently high bandwidth, and had low input bias. We then carried out ex-situ Bode plot analysis of op-amps in liquid nitrogen to screen for the best performing devices. Multiple rounds of compatibility and installation design testing were performed, followed by a final installation and a significant reduction in 60Hz noise in tunnelling current. Using the installed amplifier, we demonstrate atomic resolution and spectroscopy capabilities, at room temperature and at low-temperature (77K). Finally, we use the instrument to carry out STM measurements of epitaxially synthesized 2D quantum materials.